Macroeconomic Factors Affecting Carbon Dioxide Emissions in the Philippines: A Time Series Analysis

This paper examines the relationship between macroeconomic variables (Gross Domestic per capita, Energy Consumption, Trade Openness, and Foreign Direct Investment) CO2 Emissions in Philippines from 1981 to 2014. Using multivariate Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, results indicate that GDP Openness are significant positively related parameters of emissions. Conversely, Investment is revealed be but insignificant emissions Philippines. Moreover, R-squared model F-test suggest overall robust significant, respectively. The diagnostic tests employed (including Variance Inflation Factor, Breusch-Godfrey test, White Ramsey RESET Jarque-Bera Test) show regression has no evidence multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, non-normality, misspecification. Finally, researchers offer recommendations open potential for future studies improve econometric model.